The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in judicial systems worldwide presents both unprecedented opportunities and constitutional challenges. In India, where judicial pendency exceeds 4.5 crore cases, AI is increasingly viewed as a panacea for systemic inefficiencies. However, the deployment of AI technologies in legal adjudication raises fundamental questions about algorithmic bias, accountability, and compliance with constitutional principles enshrined in Articles 14 and 21 of the Indian Constitution. This paper critically examines the constitutional implications of AI adoption in the Indian judiciary, analyzing current developments, identifying potential risks of algorithmic bias, and proposing comprehensive safeguards to ensure that technological advancement does not compromise fundamental rights. Through doctrinal analysis and comparative study of international best practices, this research argues for a rights-based approach to AI integration that prioritizes transparency, accountability, and constitutional compliance. The paper concludes that without robust regulatory frameworks and constitutional safeguards, AI adoption risks undermining the very principles of equality and fairness that form the bedrock of Indian jurisprudence.
