Abstract

Live-in relationships have emerged as a significant societal phenomenon in contemporary India, challenging traditional notions of marriage and family structures. This article explores the evolving trends of live-in relationships in Indian society and delves into the perspectives offered by Hinduism and other major religions practiced in the country. Historically, India has been known for its conservative attitudes towards relationships, with arranged marriage being the prevalent norm. However, globalization, urbanization, and changing social norms have led to a gradual acceptance of alternative relationship models, including live-in arrangements. Empirical studies indicate a growing prevalence of live-in relationships, particularly among urban, educated youth, reflecting a shift towards more individualistic values and personal autonomy. Within the context of Hinduism, the predominant religion in India, diverse perspectives exist regarding relationships and marriage. While traditional Hindu scriptures uphold the sanctity of marriage as a sacrament, they also acknowledge the concept of "gandharva vivaha" or informal unions based on mutual consent. Modern Hindu thinkers interpret these scriptures to advocate for the freedom of individuals to choose their partners and relationship structures, including live-in arrangements, as long as they uphold principles of righteousness and mutual respect. Other religious frameworks present in India, such as Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, and Buddhism, offer varying perspectives on live-in relationships. While some adhere to conservative values emphasizing marital sanctity, others adopt more liberal interpretations that prioritize love, companionship, and consent. Understanding these diverse viewpoints is essential for fostering dialogue and promoting social cohesion in a multicultural society like India. The legal status of live-in relationships in India has undergone significant evolution, with courts recognizing the rights and obligations of cohabiting partners in recent years. However, the absence of specific legislation governing such unions has resulted in ambiguity and disparities in legal protection, particularly concerning property rights, inheritance, and social security benefits. The rise of live-in relationships has implications for various aspects of Indian society, including family dynamics, gender roles, and generational conflicts. While proponents argue that such arrangements promote individual autonomy, equality, and emotional fulfillment, critics express concerns about moral values, social stability, and the well-being of children raised in non-traditional households. live-in relationships represent a complex and multifaceted phenomenon in Indian society, reflecting broader shifts in cultural norms, individual aspirations, and legal frameworks. By examining the societal trends and religious perspectives surrounding this issue, we gain insights into the challenges and opportunities for fostering inclusivity, diversity, and mutual respect in the fabric of Indian social life. Embracing dialogue, empathy, and ethical engagement is essential for navigating the evolving dynamics of relationships in a rapidly changing world.

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