Abstract

The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) represents a comprehensive and ancient body of knowledge that has been cultivated and transmitted through generations in India. This system encompasses a wide array of disciplines, including Philosophy, Science, Mathematics, Medicine, and Astronomy, all of which are deeply embedded in the cultural and traditional fabric of Indian society. Historically, IKS has made substantial contributions to global knowledge and has influenced various academic fields, shaped by the philosophical tenets of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. A notable text, the ‘Rigveda’, illustrates the principle of interconnectedness among all beings, which is a fundamental tenet of IKS that underscores the notion of unity. Prominent figures within this system include Aryabhata, a mathematician credited with the invention of the concept of ‘Zero’ and significant advancements in Mathematics and Astronomy, and Susruta, often referred to as the father of surgery in ancient India, who provided comprehensive accounts of medical procedures in the “Susruta Samhita”. IKS has profoundly impacted various domains, including Mathematics, Medicine, Philosophy, and the Arts, thereby transforming numerous aspects of knowledge. Despite facing critiques for its foundations in ancient traditions and its emphasis on spirituality over empirical evidence, IKS has experienced a revival. Initiatives aimed at revitalizing and preserving traditional knowledge systems, along with government efforts to integrate IKS with contemporary scientific methodologies, have resulted in novel discoveries and innovations in fields such as Agriculture, Medicine, and Environmental Science. Although challenges persist, IKS continues to exert influence across disciplines and holds the potential to shape future advancements in Science, Technology, and Culture. Acknowledging and appreciating the insights of ancient traditions can foster a more holistic and inclusive approach to knowledge and understanding.

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