From Resource Sovereignty to Collective Security: A Socio-Legal Framework for the Global Mining Order

The countries having sufficient natural resources, minerals, and oil reserves have constantly struggled with maintaining peace and diplomacy in the troubled regions, and they have moved towards aggression and war crimes in the last few years. The aggression, warmongering, militancy, and violence in the regions of unrest have created a gap in the current International legal framework. While the Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources (PSNR) doctrine in the 20th century aimed for decolonization, the same doctrine is acting as a Sovereign shield for the brawling States. The research paper analyses the development of aggression backed by oil and natural resources, highlighting the crisis of Venezuela and Middle-East nations in 2025-2026. The study analyses the inability of economic sanctions imposed by the USA and the European Union upon the world, and delayed actions of prosecution by the International Criminal Court (ICC) are not enough to curtail the war crimes, and states are arming themselves with non-weapons such as oil, minerals, and natural resources as a tool for warfare and bloodshed. The study aims to propose a Global Mining Order, an international legal framework directed towards peace and security that rethinks the role of natural resources, as they at times can harshly affect the security order of the States. The paper studies the role of India as a Vishwa Mitra as a mediator for multilateralism in the regulation of international minerals and energy resources. The paper studies the role of the middle-power countries in assisting the States from being a Resource-Sovereign to becoming Collective energy democracies. The study contends that the installation of peace and security in the international maritime and trade law would depend upon the new law of commerce that emphasizes peace and security over resource sovereignty.