Abstract

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to pervade various sectors worldwide, its implications and the need for a regulatory framework become increasingly paramount. This paper presents a comprehensive review encompassing the current landscape of AI in India, alongside a global overview, ethical challenges, implications, and the global debate surrounding AI regulation. In India, AI adoption is steadily gaining momentum across industries such as healthcare, finance, agriculture, and education, driven by government initiatives, burgeoning startups, and multinational corporations. However, this growth is accompanied by concerns regarding data privacy, algorithmic bias, job displacement, and socio-economic inequalities. Ethical considerations surrounding AI deployment, including transparency, accountability, fairness, and societal impact, underscore the imperative for regulatory intervention. Globally, nations are grappling with the complexities of regulating AI, balancing innovation with safeguarding against potential harms. While some advocate for a laissez-faire approach, citing the need to foster innovation and avoid stifling technological progress, others argue for robust regulatory frameworks to mitigate risks and ensure AI operates within ethical boundaries. Initiatives such as the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the OECD's AI Principles represent steps towards establishing ethical guidelines and legal frameworks for AI governance. The debate on whether AI should be regulated remains contentious, with proponents of regulation emphasizing the need to address AI's societal impacts, protect individual rights, and maintain human control over technology. Conversely, opponents argue that excessive regulation could impede innovation, hinder competitiveness, and stifle AI's potential benefits. Striking a balance between innovation and regulation is crucial to harnessing AI's transformative potential while mitigating its risks.

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