The natural rights theory depends on the assumption that there are certain basic rights that are provided to a human being by nature. Various philosophers have justified slavery by considering it as a condition given by the nature or provided by the divine law. It was believed by the philosophers that it is provided by nature that some people are slaves. Slaves derive their rights from the nature and were born as slaves under certain circumstance whereas non-slaves also derive their rights from nature and were therefore born to rule, they have the right to make use of slaves, control and own them accordingly. The critiques of natural rights theory are of the view that slavery cannot be justified by natural law or natural rights. As slavery is the act which is unethical and morally incorrect. This research paper is based on the doctrinal and qualitative research methodology. The sources of data collected for this particular research on natural rights theory has been done by secondary sources. For this particular research the researcher depends on the secondary data from various sources such as articles, books related to philosophy, bibliographic reviews, philosophical and ethical journals, online research and various other secondary documents are used for a theoretical subject matter. This research work will help the readers to look into both positive and negative sides of the natural rights theory. The readers can trace back to the origin of the natural rights and its development. The views and thoughts of various scholars related to natural rights theory has been given in this paper. The deep analysis of the doctrine of natural rights theory has been done in this project.