Home / Volume 8, Issue 4 / Through the Eye of the State: Biometrics, Surveillance… Open access · CC BY-NC 4.0
Research Paper Volume 8 Issue 4 1190 - 1203 July 28, 2025

Through the Eye of the State: Biometrics, Surveillance and the Evolution of Liberty in India’s Criminal Justice System

Lead author · Corresponding
Pankaj Sharma
Research Scholar at Govt J Yoganandam Chhattisgarh College Raipur (C.G), India
Co-author
Dr. Shiv Kumar Kurrey
Assistant Professor at Govt J Yoganandam Chhattisgarh College Raipur (C.G), India
View PDF Full text DOIhttps://doij.org/10.10000/IJLMH.1110404
Abstract

This piece critically examines the constitutional and philosophical implications of the Criminal Procedure (Identification) Act, 2022. This piece contends that while the Act strengthens the evidentiary and identification power of the state, it threatens to upset the precarious balance between state power and liberty. Based on the Puttaswamy privacy doctrine, Foucault's surveillance theory, and comparative law perspective, this piece critiques whether liberty is compatible with a digitalized criminal justice system.

Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Law Management and Humanities, Volume 8, Issue 4, Page 1190 - 1203
DOI: https://doij.org/10.10000/IJLMH.1110404
Creative Commons
CC BY-NC 4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits remixing, adapting, and building upon the work for non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
Copyright © IJLMH 2026
Disclaimer
The views and opinions expressed in this manuscript are those of the author(s) alone and do not reflect the views, policies, or position of the Journal.

Export citation