Abstract

Intellectual property (IP) rights are shaped and enforced in large part by the judiciary. This study compares the ways that courts in India and other countries—most notably the US, UK, and EU—protect designs, patents, copyrights, and trademarks. Through significant rulings, civil and criminal procedural procedures, and enforcement patterns, it evaluates the efficacy of the legal system. Courts in India have established a strong body of IP law via important decisions that uphold rights while weighing the interests of the general public. Globally, a range of judicial perspectives—from the EU's broad trademark protection to the US courts' complex patent injunction standards—offer insight into the difficulties and efficacy of IP enforcement. The study emphasizes the judiciary's vital role in developing IP law and making sure that enforcement upholds inventors' rights without restricting the public interest by identifying significant cases and interpretations.

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