The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita [BNS], 2023, Represents a Significant Reformation of India’s Criminal Justice System as Initiated by the Government of the India. This Paper Critically Examines the BNS in Contrast to the Indian Penal Code [IPC], Highlighting its Philosophical Foundations, Departures from Existing Legal Frameworks, and its Implications for Social Justice. By Analysing the Proposed Changes, We Posit that While the BNS Aims to Create a More Just and Responsive Legal System, Certain Aspects May Undermine These Objectives. the Paper Provides An Overview of Key Components of BNS, Evaluates Them Through a Lens of Efficiency, Equity, and Human Rights and Concludes with Recommendations for Enhancing its Effectiveness. the Enactment of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, Marks a Significant Milestone in India’s Legislative History, After More Than 160 Years the Paper Also Addresses the Criticisms and Challenges in the Implementation of the New Law.
