Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a transformative technological force influencing governance, economic development, and public administration across the world. Governments increasingly rely on algorithmic systems for predictive analysis, automated administration, and digital public services. While AI technologies promise efficiency and innovation, they also generate significant legal and ethical challenges involving transparency, accountability, algorithmic bias, privacy protection, and democratic oversight. This research paper examines the evolving legal challenges associated with artificial intelligence with particular reference to India. The study analyses constitutional principles, statutory frameworks, and international regulatory approaches to AI governance. It further proposes policy recommendations for developing a balanced regulatory framework that promotes technological innovation while safeguarding fundamental rights and democratic values.
