Mapping Identities: A Comparative Exploration of India’s Geographical Indications Framework Concerning the United Kingdom, the European Union and Japan

Geographical Indications (GIs) serve as powerful tools for preserving regional identities, fostering economic growth, and ensuring product authenticity. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of India’s GI framework in relation to the systems in the United Kingdom, the European Union, and Japan. By examining legal structures, registration processes, enforcement mechanisms, and economic impacts, the study identifies key strengths and challenges within each framework. India’s approach is evaluated against international best practices to assess its effectiveness in protecting indigenous knowledge, artisanal heritage, and agricultural diversity. The research also explores how global trade agreements and intellectual property regulations shape the GI landscape, influencing market access and economic sustainability. Through this comparative lens, the study aims to offer insights into policy improvements, international collaborations, and the evolving role of GIs in a globalized economy.