The Indian society is credited for its heterogeneity, powerful democracy, and observance of spirit of Rule of Law. Indian criminal justice system is also pervaded with the modern outlook along with classical sense of justice. Dharma was the very foundation of ancient criminal justice system. Preamble of the Constitution focuses on different dimensions of justice, namely social, political, and economic. Recently, we have witnessed major reforms in criminal law as three important legislations were enacted by the Parliament, which enforced from first day of July 2024. These reforms have brought structural changes, created new normative principles, and challenges to the police, court, and correctional agencies. However, it is a fact that fundamental assumptions, underlying principles, and rules have remained intact despite of incorporation of new rules to cope with modern advancement and technological development.
The recent changes were made to laws and institutions more responsive, fair, just, and neutralize the gap between law in words and law in action. It would be required to radicalize the profile of Indian criminal jurisprudence. In this backdrop, it has been tried to analyse the significance of evidence in general. Admission of proper evidence would lead to justice-oriented decision, and rejection of unnecessary evidence will also save the time of the court, parties, and enforcement machinery. The legal effect of improper admission of evidence as well as rejection of evidence by the trial court, has been discussed in this research paper. Analysis of laws relating to other jurisdictions is also a natural corollary of this inquiry.
