Exploring the Economic Impact of Commercialized Academic Patents: Assessing Mediating Effects and Spatial Spillovers

This research explores the historical evolution of Science and Technology (S&T) policies in India, focusing on the disconnection between education, research, and economic production systems. It examines key initiatives such as the Science Policy Resolution of 1958, aimed at enhancing innovation and self-reliance within India's production systems, and the inception of the Department of Science and Technology's (DST) Fund for Improvement of S&T Infrastructure (DST-FIST). The study places DST-FIST in a global context, analyzing its role in strengthening S&T infrastructure alongside parallel Indian programs, highlighting the synergies and challenges these efforts face. The research utilizes a socio-legal methodology, with an extensive literature review of policy documents and primary sources like government reports, statistical analysis, and program reviews to assess the trends, funding patterns, and geographical distribution of DST-FIST grants. The findings indicate that DST-FIST, initiated in 2000 with a budget of Rs.75 crores, significantly enhanced research infrastructure in Indian universities, and its continued growth reflects India's broader S&T policy evolution. This paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of robust infrastructure in fostering S&T education and research, offering insights into India’s trajectory toward technological self-reliance and global competitiveness.