Corporate Criminal Liability: An Analysis of Vicarious Imposition of Corporate Sanctions in India

With the advent of industrialization and globalization, corporations have become an indispensable and integral part of the society. These bricked-walls now have a significant impact on human living and directly affect the economy, environment and the society. This need for accountability and control over these corporations has led the development of the doctrine of Corporate Criminal Liability. This research paper aims to discuss various aspects of corporate criminal liability with special emphasis on its relation with vicarious liability and how the law governing the same has evolved over the years. The researcher aims to analyse the concept from an international perspective and explore penological jurisprudence existing with regard to corporate sanctions. The concept of special vicarious liability i.e. making the key management of a corporation vicariously responsible for acts of the corporate entity are also analysed in this paper.