Abstract

A crucial topic in the legal and ethical discourse, the Law of Compulsory Licensing of Patented Drugs in India sits at the nexus of IPR law, public health, and pharmaceutical innovation. This article examines the Indian Patent Act's legal framework and how it complies with international TRIPS obligations, emphasizing significant court rulings that have influenced the development of the policy. It examines the moral conflicts between defending patent rights and preserving public health, as well as the worldwide ramifications of India's strategy in comparison to other countries. The economic effects of compulsory licensing are also discussed, taking into account how it affects innovation, foreign investment, and the domestic generic drug industries. Pharmaceutical markets' advertising strategies and compliance issues are also assessed to provide insight into changing dynamics of regulation. The article also assesses how these legal and policy concerns are made more pressing by technological developments in drug development. It outlines upcoming opportunities and challenges, highlighting the fine line that must be drawn between promoting pharmaceutical innovation and ensuring that everyone has fair access to life-saving medications. This article offers a birds’ viewpoint on how India's mandatory licensing laws influence access to healthcare worldwide and the larger intellectual property scene by negotiating these intricate intersections. It concludes by outlining upcoming opportunities and challenges, highlighting the fine line that must be drawn between promoting pharmaceutical innovation and ensuring that everyone has fair access to life-saving medications.

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