Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Opportunities, Risks, and Regulatory Challenges

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare is rapidly growing and is being used to improve diagnostic precision, treatment efficacy and efficiency of health care systems. The incorporation of AI technologies, including machine learning, predictive analytics and robotic technologies, has opened up opportunities for early diagnosis, individualised treatment and effective management of patients. But along with these benefits, AI in healthcare poses important challenges in terms of data privacy, algorithmic bias, explainability, and liability for medical errors. This paper uses a doctrinal and analytical method to explore the benefits and challenges of AI in health care, while assessing current regulatory frameworks at national and international level. It identifies deficiencies in existing regulations, such as data protection and medical negligence laws, to address AI-related issues. The research proposes that a strong, ethical, flexible and patient and rights-centred regulatory framework is urgently required to balance the promise of innovation with patient safety and human rights. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to ensure ethical and responsible deployment of AI in healthcare.