Prison and Prison Reforms in India

All men are created equal and are given certain fundamental human rights by their maker. These rights primarily include the rights to life and liberty, but if a person violates societal ethics, that person's rights are revoked and he or she is subjected to appropriate punishment. Many analysts feel that one of the primary goals of prisons is to reintegrate convicts into society. A modern prison organization's three core functions are custody, care, and treatment. For nearly a century, there was a strong emphasis on custody, which was thought to be dependent on excellent order and discipline. The goal of prison discipline was to make incarceration less appealing. As a result, the basic premise of jail treatment was rigorous punitive labour with no respect for human characteristics and severe punishments. More than 40 prison offences were included in several States' jail manuals, and any infraction was met with a slew of brutal punishments. The goal of jail gradually shifted from simply deterrence to discouragement and rehabilitation. This resulted in the abolition of some of the most heinous punishments and the establishment of a system of rewards for excellent work and behaviour in the form of remission, sentence reviews, wages for prison labour, open-air therapy, parole, furlough, and canteen facilities, among other things.