Abstract

Microplastics are tiny plastic particles found almost everywhere, such as in our air, water, food, and even inside our bodies. They come from various sources, including personal care products, synthetic clothing, and the wear and tear of larger plastic items. These particles are harmful to human health, animals, soil, and oceans. Studies have linked them to serious health risks like cancer, reproductive problems, and damage to vital organs. In India, microplastic pollution is a growing concern, especially with the large use of synthetic textiles and cosmetic products containing microbeads. Although some action has been taken, such as the Bureau of Indian Standards labelling microbeads as unsafe, calling for a ban on its usage, the ban, however, has not been implemented to date. Other countries like the USA, UK, EU, and South Korea have introduced laws to ban or regulate microplastics, which should push for similar action in India. There is need for a strong and detailed legal framework in India that clearly defines microplastics, restricts their use, improves labelling and waste management, and holds industries accountable. In addition to regulation, promoting eco-friendly alternatives like bioplastics and encouraging innovation in recycling can help control the spread of microplastics. A combined effort involving policymakers, industries, scientists, and the public is urgently needed to reduce the environmental and health impacts of microplastics in India.

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