Biomass Energy: A Clean and Sustainable Energy for the Future

Biomass has been a primary source of energy for the world's inhabitants since the dawn of human civilisation. Biomass energy or Bioenergy both are same and are the energies derived from organic matter that has been used by humans for thousands of years, since people began burning wood to prepare food or keep warm. Our primary biomass resources are still non-wood, forest residue, and agricultural biomass. Biomass is one of the world's most ubiquitous and widely distributed resources. As a result, biomass has the potential to provide a renewable energy source that is both allowable and available in wide portions of the world. From 2008 to 2021, overall investment in the Biomass sector is expected to reach up to $104 billion. Bioenergy is currently the most important renewable energy option and will remain so in the near and medium term. Several countries have already attempted to investigate the use of biomass in the bio energy and polymer composite sectors. India provides an enabling environment for the rapid adoption and internalisation of bioenergy technologies (BETs). Nearly a quarter of its primary energy is derived from biomass resources, and nearly 70% of the rural population relies on biomass to meet their daily energy needs. India has demonstrated bioenergy packages for over two decades. This potential is recognised by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). To support bioenergy development, the MNRE, state governments, and central and state regulatory commissions have developed a number of policy instruments (tariff support) and financial incentives (capital subsidy, interest subsidy, etc.). Plant residues from agriculture and forestry are examples of biomass. As a result, proper biomass usage can be environmentally favourable because it can not only alleviate the throwaway problem but also create value added products from this biomass. It is also a renewable resource because plants produce biomass, which can be cultivated repeatedly, and it can undoubtedly be used as an alternative source of energy. Agricultural applications of biomass are continuously expanding and will most likely continue to expand in the future.