Abstract

Marine plastic pollution is an escalating ecological issue, with an estimated 8 million metric tons of plastic waste entering the ocean annually. This study investigates the origins and pathways of marine plastic pollution, evaluates its impacts on marine ecosystems, analyses extant international regulations and policies, and identifies effective preventative measures. The crucial topic of marine plastic pollution and its mitigation is the main emphasis of this extensive investigation. A review of the international policies and regulations currently in place to address this growing issue, an analysis of the sources and pathways of marine plastic pollution, an evaluation of its effects on the fragile marine ecosystem, and an assessment of the efficacy of different preventive measures are the main goals. The research attempts to offer insightful information by looking at these important areas, which can help direct conservation efforts, influence policy decisions, and support the global preservation of marine habitats. This study aims to be a significant contribution to the ongoing battle against marine plastic pollution by using a comprehensive methodology that includes research, analysis, and assessment. A descriptive research methodology with a convenient sample of 204 participants from Chennai was utilised. Results demonstrate that primary sources of marine plastic are terrestrial, including plastic waste from coastal areas entering waterways and ultimately oceans. Plastic pollution poses significant threats to marine life via ingestion and entanglement. Current international policies have proven insufficient in stemming plastic waste and ocean leakage. More effective preventative measures are imperative, encompassing waste management infrastructure improvements, reduction of single-use plastics, increased recycling, and enhanced public education. This study concludes that mitigating marine plastic pollution necessitates a holistic approach addressing waste management, upstream production and consumption, policy reform, and technological innovation globally. These findings provide insights to inform future research and policy efforts to address this ecological challenge.

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