Abstract

This research paper presents a comprehensive study on the practice of stubble burning in the state of Punjab, India, with a specific focus on its implications for environmental justice. Chapter 1 outlines the foundation of the research, beginning with the identification of the core problem, which lies in the persistent and seasonal occurrence of stubble burning despite policy interventions. The chapter further presents the research hypothesis that stubble burning is both a socio-economic and environmental issue, examines the methodology employed, and sets forth clear objectives and guiding questions. Chapter 2 delves into the environmental and public health risks associated with stubble burning, including air pollution, soil degradation, and respiratory illnesses. Chapter 3 explores the socio-economic and agrarian factors contributing to the continuation of this practice, including short harvest cycles, lack of viable alternatives, and economic constraints faced by farmers. Chapter 4 highlights potential solutions, government initiatives, and successful case studies from within and outside India that offer practical and scalable alternatives. The study concludes that addressing stubble burning requires a multidisciplinary approach that integrates sustainable farming practices, economic incentives, and legal frameworks ensuring environmental justice for all affected communities.

Keywords