This paper analyses how game theory can be used to understand mergers and acquisitions (M&A). It focuses on how the strategic interactions between companies influence the outcomes of these deals. Game theory, which studies rational decision-making and strategic behaviour, provides a useful tool for analysing the complex negotiations and competition involved in M&A. This paper explores key concepts like Nash equilibrium and cooperative and non-cooperative games and how they apply to M&A. It uses case studies, such as the Kraft-Heinz merger, to show how game theory can predict negotiation outcomes, improve bidding strategies, and make M&A processes more efficient. The paper also discusses recent developments in algorithmic game theory and how they can be used for automated decision-making in corporate finance. By combining theory and practice, this research highlights the importance of game theory in understanding and improving the strategic manoeuvres involved in M&A.
