Abstract

This paper examines the regulations by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) that are implemented to ensure that transparency, liquidity, and stability in markets are enhanced through the implementation of Minimum Public Shareholding (MPS) regulations and security of lock-in for promoters, as envisioned. Indian initial public offerings (IPOs) are increasingly impacted by these regulations, with companies often being constrained between achieving operational flexibilities and compliance with the requirements of regulatory agencies. The research study focuses on case studies of firms such as Zomato, Paytm, and Sapphire Foods, to highlight and analyse the way these firms addressed volatility due to issues of stock brought about by SEBI's regulatory framework, liquidity restriction, and equity dilution. Therefore, the analysis reveals that lock-in and MPS requirements are important for boosting investor trust, though they increase compliance cost and even hinder the problems of capital structures. Strategic pre-IPO planning through incremental stake dilution by Offer for Sale and Qualified Institutional Placements along with Employee Stock Option Plans seem to be viable solutions. These will serve towards the promotion of an even more efficient and well-balanced IPO ecosystem, which in the long run would bring about stability and trust in the Indian financial markets.

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